Introduction to GAP – Exercise sheet 2

7th April 2025

Tutorial questions

  1. (Easy)

  2. (1)
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    (*) Let GG be the group generated by (1,2,3,4)(1,2,3,4), (5,6,7,8)(5,6,7,8), (1,5)⁢(2,6)⁢(3,7)⁢(4,8)(1,5)(2,6)(3,7)(4,8). Show the following:

    1. (a)
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      GG is a group of order 3232.

    2. (b)
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      GG is not abelian.

    3. (c)
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      The centre of GG is cyclic of order four.

    4. (d)
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      The derived subgroup of GG has index 88.

  3. (2)
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    Show that D6D_{6} is isomorphic to the symmetric group on 33 elements.

  4. (3)
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    Show that Alt4\operatorname{Alt}_{4} has no subgroup of order six.

  5. (Medium)

  6. (4)
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    (*) Prove that the group

    ⟨(1,2,3,…,7),(2,6)⁢(3,4)⟩\langle(1,2,3,\ldots,7),(2,6)(3,4)\rangle

    is simple, has order 168168 and acts transitively on {1,…,7}\{1,\dots,7\}. Can you recognise this group? (Hint: Use StructureDescription).

  7. (5)
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    Count the number of subgroups of Sym5\operatorname{Sym}_{5} isomorphic to some Dihedral group.

  8. (6)
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    Exhibit those divisors dd of 5!5! such that there is no subgroup of Sym5\operatorname{Sym}_{5} with index dd. That is, the “converse" of Lagrange theorem is not true in general.

  9. (Hard)

  10. (7)
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    Find all the transitive subgroups of Sym7\operatorname{Sym}_{7} containing at least two elements of order two, and an element of order three.

  11. (8)
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    (*) Count the number of non-trivial 22-subgroups in Alt5\operatorname{Alt}_{5}. Show that the number of 22-elements is 1616. Recall that a pp-element is an element whose order is a power of pp.

  12. (Challenging)

  13. (9)
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    Define the action of Symn\operatorname{Sym}_{n} on the set of partitions of {1,…,n}\{1,\ldots,n\}. Compute the stabilisers and fixed point sets of nn-cycles, for 3≤n≤83\leq n\leq 8. Do you find a pattern?

More exercises

  1. (11)
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    Let GG be the group generated by the permutations (1,2)⁢(6,11)⁢(8,12)⁢(9,13)(1,2)(6,11)(8,12)(9,13), (5,13,9)⁢(6,10,11)⁢(7,8,12)(5,13,9)(6,10,11)(7,8,12) and (2,4,3)⁢(5,8,9)⁢(6,10,13)⁢(7,11,12)(2,4,3)(5,8,9)(6,10,13)(7,11,12). How many elements of GG are commutators?

  2. (12)
    1. (a)
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      Show that two distinct Sylow 22-subgroups in Alt5\operatorname{Alt}_{5} intersect trivially.

    2. (b)
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      Show that the conjugation action of Alt5\operatorname{Alt}_{5} on the set of Sylow 22-subgroups is double transitive. This means that for any two pairs (S1,S2)(S_{1},S_{2}) and (Q1,Q2)(Q_{1},Q_{2}) of Sylow 22-subgroups with S1≠S2S_{1}\neq S_{2} and Q1≠Q2Q_{1}\neq Q_{2}, there is an element g∈Alt5g\in\operatorname{Alt}_{5} such that (S1,S2)g=(Q1,Q2)g(S_{1},S_{2})^{g}=(Q_{1},Q_{2})^{g}.

  3. (13)
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    Recall that a group action is primitive if it is isomorphic to a coset action over a maximal subgroup. Write a function that computes, up to conjugacy, the primitive subgroups of Symn\operatorname{Sym}_{n} on its natural action.

  4. (14)
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    Find all faithful transitive actions of D16D_{16}, the Dihedral group of order 1616.

  5. (15)
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    Show that Alt34\operatorname{Alt}_{34} and Sym34\operatorname{Sym}_{34} are the only primitive groups of degree 3434.